Accordingly, in 1649 the Maryland General Assembly passed an Act Concerning Religion, which enshrined this principle by penalizing anyone who "reproached" a fellow Marylander based on religious affiliation. Unlike the Pilgrims and Puritans, who rejected Catholicism in their settlements, Lord Baltimore envisioned a colony where people of different religious sects would coexist under the principle of toleration. In 1632, Charles I of England granted Lord Baltimore a colonial charter, naming the colony after his wife, Henrietta Maria. As one of the original Thirteen Colonies of England, Maryland was founded by George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, a Catholic convert who sought to provide a religious haven for Catholics persecuted in England. īefore its coastline was explored by Europeans in the 16th century, Maryland was inhabited by several groups of Native Americans – mostly by Algonquian peoples and, to a lesser degree, Iroquoian and Siouan. It is named after Henrietta Maria, the French-born queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, who was known then in England as Mary. Among its occasional nicknames are Old Line State, the Free State, and the Chesapeake Bay State. Baltimore is the largest city in the state, and the capital is Annapolis. With a total land area of 12,407 square miles (32,130 km 2), Maryland is the 8th smallest state by land area, but with a population of over 6,177,200, it ranks as the 18th most populous state and the 5th most densely populated. It borders Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west Pennsylvania to its north and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. Maryland ( US: / ˈ m ɛr ɪ l ə n d/ ( listen) MERR-il-ənd) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States.
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